“In the past, the officials would give you an appointment to discuss this. Now, more often than not, they will call ICE,” she said.

Sanchez illustrated the impact of immigration-related policies on immigrant families. She offered the example of an immigrant family living in Iowa for 13 years.

In the family, the father is a permanent resident for four years but his wife is undocumented. They have one undocumented child, age 16, and two citizen children, ages 12 and 9.

The family will need money so someone has to work. The father can but the mother and the teen can’t, and if they do, they often face low pay, no benefits, as well as risking exploitation and discrimination.

“This is negative for the entire family and eventually for the community,” Sanchez said.

Most people need a car and that means a driver’s license. The father can get a license but the mother and the teen can’t. They “can hardly get car insurance” and that’s another negative impact, Sanchez said.

As for raids and the ICE Law Enforcement, the mother and the teen could face ICE raids, incarceration and removal at any time.

Sanchez distributed a chart showing all these policies, as well as health care, education, public benefits and “unwelcoming environment and stress.”

She recommended prevention before and after a raid. Prevention could include a massive campaign of “Know Your Rights Plus” presentations, ongoing advocacy for immigration reform and ongoing education targeting voters, legislators and other potential allies.